氫氧化鉀，也稱為苛性鈉，是一種重要的工業(yè)產(chǎn)品，用途廣泛。它是一種強(qiáng)堿，常溫下腐蝕不嚴(yán)重，但在高溫和應(yīng)力下會嚴(yán)重腐蝕很多金屬。鋼鐵在常溫下可以在稀氫氧化鈉溶液中使用，但會隨著溫度或濃度的升高而迅速腐蝕。研究不同合金在氫氧化鈉溶液中的腐蝕性對材料選擇有重要意義。
Potassium hydroxide, also known as caustic soda, is an important industrial product with a wide range of uses. It is a kind of strong alkali. The corrosion is not serious at room temperature, but it will seriously corrode many metals at high temperature and stress. Steel can be used in dilute sodium hydroxide solution at room temperature, but it will corrode rapidly with the increase of temperature or concentration. It is important to study the corrosivity of different alloys in sodium hydroxide solution for material selection.
氫氧化鉀材料選擇的依據(jù)：常溫下不具有腐蝕性，但在高溫和應(yīng)力下會對很多金屬造成嚴(yán)重腐蝕。不同溫度下不同濃度氫氧化鈉溶液的設(shè)備和管道選材不一，氫氧化鈉溶液的濃度為0 ~ 30%。如果溫度低于50℃，用一類材料制造的設(shè)備和管道通常耐腐蝕；而0% ~ 30%的氫氧化鈉溶液在50 ~ 100℃時(shí)對二類材料制成的設(shè)備和管道有較好的耐腐蝕性。
Basis for selection of potassium hydroxide material: it is not corrosive at room temperature, but it will cause serious corrosion to many metals under high temperature and stress. Different materials are selected for equipment and pipelines with different concentrations of sodium hydroxide solution at different temperatures. The concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 0 ~ 30%. If the temperature is lower than 50 ℃, the equipment and pipes made of class I materials are generally corrosion-resistant; 0% - 30% sodium hydroxide solution has good corrosion resistance to equipment and pipelines made of class II materials at 50 ~ 100 ℃.、
針對氫氧化鈉具有良好的耐腐蝕性，其次是鎳。銀和鎳可以承受所有濃度和溫度的氫氧化鈉，直到熔融狀態(tài)(480℃)。適用于高溫、高濃度的堿、鎳及其合金(如鉻鎳鐵合金、蒙乃爾合金等。)是首要選擇。不銹鋼對40% ~ 50%以下的NaOH溶液能耐受80 ~ 100℃，但不能耐受高濃度高溫堿液。碳鋼在低溫稀NaOH溶液中具有良好的耐腐蝕性，能在表面形成固態(tài)氧化保護(hù)膜。由于低廉，往往是很多用戶的首要選擇。
Sodium hydroxide has good corrosion resistance, followed by nickel. Silver and nickel can withstand sodium hydroxide at all concentrations and temperatures until the molten state (480 ℃). Suitable for high temperature and high concentration alkali, nickel and its alloys (such as Inconel, Monel, etc.) Is the first choice. Stainless steel can withstand 80 ~ 100 ℃ for NaOH solution below 40% ~ 50%, but can not withstand high concentration and high temperature alkali solution. Carbon steel has good corrosion resistance in low temperature dilute NaOH solution and can form solid oxidation protective film on the surface. Because of its low price, it is often the first choice for many users.
氫氧化鉀腐蝕性很強(qiáng)，但在化妝品中的用量很小，主要用于調(diào)節(jié)pH值，尤其是它是皂基洗面奶產(chǎn)品中不可缺少的原料。
Potassium hydroxide is highly corrosive, but its dosage in cosmetics is very small. It is mainly used to adjust pH value, especially it is an indispensable raw material in soap based facial cleanser products.
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